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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of perceived value of recommended product on consumer’s e-loyalty, based on the proposition of expectation confirmation theory. Vendors’ reputation is tested as the mediator in the perceived value of recommended product and e-loyalty relationship, whereas shopping enjoyment is predicted as the moderator that conditions the perceived value of recommended product and e-loyalty relationship through vendors reputation.

Data were collected via an online survey platform and through a QR code. Partial least squares analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to verify the research proposed model.

The findings revealed that the perceived value of recommended product had a significant positive effect on E-loyalty; in addition, the perceived value of the recommended product and e-loyalty link was partly explained by e-shopper’s confidence in vendor reputation. Therefore, the study established that the direct and indirect relationship between the perceived value of the recommended product and e-loyalty was sensitive and profound to shopping enjoyment.

This study has established that the perceived value of a recommended product can result in consumer loyalty. This has successively provided the e-shop manager and other stakeholders with novel perspectives about why it is necessary to understand consumers’ pre- and postacquisition behavior before recommending certain products to the consumer.

Using Chiang Mai Night Safari, Thailand as a case, this research is to understand the relationship between service quality, place attachment, tourist satisfaction, and tourist loyalty. A two-stage sampling approach is used while proportionate stratified sampling is applied to determine the strata sample size. A convenient sampling approach selects the participants within each stratum that involves choosing every element after a random start. Four hundred of 450 questionnaires are usable and analyzed the study. The result suggests an effective intermediary between service quality and tourist satisfaction. This study also adds managerial implications concerning service/product differentiation and competitive advantage over competitors. Meanwhile, future studies on destination personality uniqueness of destination emotions are suggested.

In order to prevent accidents during driving, driver drowsiness detection systems have become a hot topic for researchers. There are various types of features that can be used to detect drowsiness. Detection can be done by utilizing behavioral data, physiological measurements and vehicle-based data. The existing deep convolutional neural network (CNN) models-based ensemble approach analyzed the behavioral data comprises eye or face or head movement captured by using a camera images or videos. However, the developed model suffered from the limitation of high computational cost because of the application of approximately 140 million parameters.

The proposed model uses significant feature parameters from the feature extraction process such as ReliefF, Infinite, Correlation, Term Variance are used for feature selection. The features that are selected are undergone for classification using ensemble classifier.

The output of these models is classified into non-drowsiness or drowsiness categories.

In this research work higher end camera are required to collect videos as it is cost-effective. Therefore, researches are encouraged to use the existing datasets.

This paper overcomes the earlier approach. The developed model used complex deep learning models on small dataset which would also extract additional features, thereby provided a more satisfying result.

Drowsiness can be detected at the earliest using ensemble model which restricts the number of accidents.

This paper presents a cheap and easy‐to‐produce microprehensile microrobot on chip (MMOC). This four‐degree‐of‐freedom (DOFs) microprehensor is able to grip, hold and release submillimetric‐sized objects. The research conducted relied heavily on the design of a simple and efficient monolithic piezoelectric two‐DOF actuator, requiring no further motion transformation system and asking for no supplementary guiding system. The integration of all these functions in a single part eliminates nearly all assembly concerns. Each finger of the gripper is an actuator, called a duo‐bimorph, which provides higher deflections than piezoelectric tubes. The paper presents the developed MMOC prototype, comments its performances and details the functioning of the duo‐bimorph.

Introduction: Despite its significance, the research on international migration with a specific focus on the European Union (EU) needs to be strengthened with comprehensive studies, for developing better immigration and integration policies. Considering the amplitude of migration flows in Europe and recent challenges brought by the Covid-19 pandemic crisis, the Brexit decision and humanitarian dimension of the migration phenomena (asylum seekers and refugees), the need for better immigration and integration policies within the host countries’ labor markets stands out as a major research direction, especially in case of immigrants looking for better working and living conditions. Aim: This chapter aims to design specific immigration clusters within the main EU-10 destination countries (including Spain, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, UK, Germany, Austria, and Sweden) (cluster analysis procedure); and to identify feasible ways and specific policies for immigrants’ labor market success (spatial analysis and macroeconometric models). Method: The methodological framework consists of two parts: (i) immigration clusters analysis, based on the interlinkages between several fundamental migration coordinates, namely, economic welfare at destination, employment opportunities for the foreign population, migrant integration policies and associated governmental efforts, educational background; and (ii) spatial analysis models, namely spatial lag–autoregressive and spatial error, and other three econometric procedures, respectively, the robust regression, Panel Corrected Standard Errors, and Arellano-Bond Dynamic Generalized Method of Moments. National data compiled for the 10 main EU receiving economies during 2000–2015, with a particular focus on Spain were used. Findings: The impact of the proposed research is reflected through a set of new specific tailored ways, policies and strategies that can be adopted and implemented by the policy-makers across Europe. Our empirical results show that, overall, EU-10 countries still fail to identify immigrants with high levels of education and skills acquired to enhance their potential for labor market integration. Policy-makers should always monitor the specific ways in which migration policies lead to concrete positive labor market outcomes for immigrants and that the tools used for implementing these policies are suitable in achieving predefined migration goals. Therefore, a particular focus should be on developing a new immigration system to select migrants for their skills and high level of human capital, by following the best practices examples of other receiving countries.

This paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied to the analysis of ceramics and glass materials. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subject that were published between 1977‐1998. The following topics are included: ceramics – material and mechanical properties in general, ceramic coatings and joining problems, ceramic composites, ferrites, piezoceramics, ceramic tools and machining, material processing simulations, fracture mechanics and damage, applications of ceramic/composites in engineering; glass – material and mechanical properties in general, glass fiber composites, material processing simulations, fracture mechanics and damage, and applications of glasses in engineering.

Scientific research and delivering education at undergraduate and graduate levels are the main responsibilities of higher education institutions. Considering these points, we aimed to provide insights into an array of topics pertaining to scientific research and tertiary education in Turkey and the future of Turkish higher education. We focused on research-based education, lifelong learning, research and higher education institutions, research grants and funding in Turkey, performance management in higher education, international collaborations, future of hands-on approaches, and lastly the issue of brain drain in Turkey. In the endeavor to present these issues in detail, we employed sector analysis method. Throughout the chapter, we aimed to provide detailed and comparative evaluations making use of both national and international literature.

This study aims to determine the effects of lodging infrastructure development (LID) on Cordillera Administrative Region’s (CAR) environmental quality and natural resource management and its implication to globally responsible leadership. Specifically, this study sought to determine the contribution of LID to environmental deterioration and natural resource degradation in the CAR. As a result, a mathematical model is developed, which supports sustainability practices to maintain the environmental quality and natural resource management in CAR, Philippines.

This study used a descriptive research design using a mixed-methods approach. Self-structured interview and survey were used to gather the data. The population of this study involved three groups. There were 6.28% (34) experts in the field for the qualitative data, 70.24% (380) respondents for the quantitative data and 23.47% (127) from the lodging establishments. 120 respondents from the Department of Tourism – CAR (DOT-CAR) accredited hotels. Nonparametric and nonlinear regression analysis was used to process the data.

The effects of LID on the environmental quality and natural resource management in CAR as measured through carbon emission from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), electricity and water consumption in the occupied guest rooms revealed a direct correlation between the LID. Findings conclude that the increase in tourist arrival is a trigger factor in the increase in LID in the CAR. The increase in LID implies a rise in carbon emission in the lodging infrastructure. Any increase in tourist arrivals increases lodging room occupancy; the increased lodging room occupancy contributes to carbon emissions. Thus, tourism trends contribute to the deterioration of the environmental quality and degradation of the natural resources in the CAR. A log-log model shows the percentage change in the average growth of tourist arrival and the percentage increase in carbon emissions. Establishments should observe standard room capacity to maintain the carbon emission of occupied lodging rooms at a minimum. Responsible leadership is a factor in the implementation of policy on standard room capacity.

The result of the study has some implications for the lodging businesses, the local government unit (LGU), the Department of Tourism (DOT) and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) in the CAR. The study highlights the contribution of the lodging establishments to CO₂ emission, which can degrade the quality of the environment, and the implication of responsible leadership in managing natural resources in the CAR. The direct inverse relationship between energy use and CO₂ emission in hotels indicates that increased energy consumption leads to environmental degradation (Ahmad et al., 2018). Therefore, responsible leadership among policymakers in the lodging and government sectors – LGU, DOT and DENR – should abound in the CAR. Benchmarking on the model embarked from this study can help in designing and/or enhancing the policy on room capacity standardization, considering the total area with its maximum capacity to keep the carbon emission at a lower rate. Furthermore, as a responsible leader in the community, one should create programs that regulate the number of tourists visiting the place to decrease the number of overnight stays. Besides, having the political will to implement reduced room occupancy throughout the lodging establishments in CAR can help reduce the carbon emissions from the lodging businesses. After all, one of the aims of the International Environment Protection Organization is to reduce CO₂ emissions in the tourism industry. Hence, responsible leadership in environmental quality preservation and sustainable natural resource management must help prevent and avoid greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

Most studies about carbon emission in the environment tackle about carbon dioxide emitted by transportation and factories. This study adds to the insights on the existing information about the carbon emission in the environment from the lodging establishments through the use of LPG, electricity and water consumption in the occupied guest rooms. The findings of the study open an avenue for globally responsible leadership in sustaining environmental quality and preservation of natural resources by revisiting and amending the policies on the number of room occupancy, guidelines and standardization, considering the total lodging area with its maximum capacity to keep the carbon emission at a minimum, thus contributing to the lowering of GHG emissions from the lodging industry.

The concepts of ethics and conscience are integral elements of architectural design education. Conscience as a guide to the ethical behavior is seen as one of the instincts which helped people to build societies, communities and cities. This attribute makes conscience and ethics essential for architecture. The process of becoming an architect through its extraordinary architectural studio experience, gives us the chance to develop hope for a better world, by creating new solutions. The discussion of architectural programs focusing on the conception of future, choices stressing values, dualities coping with ambiguity and dilemmas leading to ethics are suggested themes. Through the integration of these themes into our studio discussions, the concepts of ethics and conscience can become an integral part of design education.